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Peter Yarrow
Peter Yarrow (born May 31, 1938) is an American singer and songwriter who found fame with the 1960s folk music trio Peter, Paul and Mary. Yarrow co-wrote (with Leonard Lipton) one of the group's greatest hits, "Puff, the Magic Dragon". He is also a political activist and has lent his support to causes that range from opposition to the Vietnam War to the creation of Operation Respect, an organization that promotes tolerance and civility in schools.
==Early life==
Peter Yarrow was born in Manhattan, the son of Vera Yarrow Wisebrode (née Vira Burtakoff) and Bernard Yarrow. His parents were both immigrants of educated Ukrainian Jewish background, whose families had settled in Providence, Rhode Island. Bernard (1899–1973) attended the University of Cracow, Poland, and the University of Odessa, Ukraine, before emigrating to the United States in 1922 at the age of 23.〔( Biographical sketch from the Bernard Yarrow Papers, 1907 to 1973, Dwight D. Eisenhower Library, Abilene, Kansas )〕 Bernard anglicized his surname from Yaroshevitz to Yarrow, obtained a Bachelor of Science degree from Columbia University in 1925, and in 1928 graduated from Columbia Law School. He then maintained a private law practice in New York City until 1938, when he was appointed an assistant district attorney under then Governor Elect Thomas E. Dewey. In 1944 Bernard Yarrow was recruited into the OSS, where he served with distinction.〔Richard Smith, ''OSS: The Secret History of America's First Central Intelligence Agency'' (Rowman & Littlefield: () reprint 2005), p. 145.〕 After the war he joined Sullivan and Cromwell, the Dulles brothers' law firm.〔Smith, ''OSS: The Secret History'', p. 145,〕 He was a founding board member of the National Committee for a Free Europe, an anti-Communist organization. In 1952 he became a senior vice-president of the CIA-funded Radio Free Europe, an organization he helped to found.〔Scott R. Benarde, ''Stars of David: Rock'n'roll's Jewish Stories'' (Brandeis University Press, 2008), p. 57. See also Lynn Katalin Kádár, "At War While at Peace United States Cold War Policy and the National Committee for a Free Europe, Inc", pp. 7-69 in Lynn Katalin Kádár, editor, ''The Inauguration of "Organized Political Warfare": The Cold War Organizations Sponsored by the National Committee for a Free Europe'' (St. Helena, California: Helena History Press, 2013).〕 Yarrow's mother Vera (1904–1991), who had come to America at age three, became a speech and drama teacher at New York's Julia Richman High School for girls. She and Bernard divorced in 1943 when their son Peter was five, and Vera subsequently married Harold Wisebrode, the executive director of Central Synagogue in Manhattan.〔Benarde, ''Stars of David: Rock'n'roll's Jewish Stories'', p. 58.〕 Bernard Yarrow married his wartime London OSS partner Silvia Tim and converted to Protestantism.〔( Obituary for Silvia Tim Yarrow, in ''The Day'' (New London, Connecticut), February 12, 1993. )〕
Peter Yarrow graduated second in his class among male students with a physics prize from New York's High School of Music and Art, where he had studied painting. He was accepted at Cornell University as a physics major but soon switched majors, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts in psychology in 1959. Among his Cornell classmates were Thomas Pynchon and Richard Fariña.
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